Operant conditioning is a key concept in behavioral psychology that explains how behavior is shaped through reinforcement and punishment. In this video, we explore operant conditioning, including the work of B. F. Skinner and Edward L. Thorndike, and how consequences influence learning. You will learn the differences between positive and negative reinforcement, punishment, and extinction, as well as the ABC model of behavior. We also examine how reinforcement schedules affect decision-making and habit formation. Script: Selina Bador Artist: Pascal Gaggelli Voice: Mithril Recording: Notienatsu Editing: Peera Lertsukittipongsa Creative Director: Jonas Koblin Made with MinuteVideos This video was made with the support of our Patrons: Andrea Basilio Rava, Avigail, Badrah, Broke, Cedric Wang, Eva Marie Koblin, Esther Chiang, David Markham, Denis Kraus, Don Bone, Ginger, Jakob Dannesboe, Jeffrey Cassianna, John Zhang, Julien Dumesnil, kritik bhimani, Mathis Nu, Petra, Sergei Kukhariev, Tsungren Yang, and all the others!!! Subscribe to: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC-RKpEc4eE9PwJaupN91xYQ To read the full script: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Z7F-AxZ7evfZuMD4fJaDBiy_evF6K7Y-h8Mq-nNChCY/edit?usp=sharing Sources: Operant Conditioning: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B._F._Skinner https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operant_conditioning https://psychology.fas.harvard.edu/people/b-f-skinner https://www.verywellmind.com/behavioral-psychology-4157183 https://bcotb.com/the-difference-between-positivenegative-reinforcement-and-positivenegative-punishment/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_psychology https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applied_behavior_analysis Schedule of Reinforcement https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wmopen-psychology/chapter/reading-reinforcement-schedules/ https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-a-schedule-of-reinforcement-2794864 Examples from every-day life: https://studiousguy.com/examples-operant-conditioning-everday-life/ Critical view and 8 reasons why conditioning does not always work with humans: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2203635/ Classroom experiment: https://education.uiowa.edu/sites/education.uiowa.edu/files/documents/tl/praise_and_punish_your_peers_operant_conditioning_activity.pdf Music ID: Z2P1P4KFI0MZSKFY CHAPTERS 0:00 What is Operant Conditioning 0:10 Types of Reinforcement 0:31 Reinforcement Methods 1:13 Skinner Box Experiment 1:46 ABC Behavior Model 2:26 Behaviorism Explained 2:55 Try This Exercise #sproutsschools #operantconditioning #bfskinner #behavioralpsychology #behaviorism #reinforcement #psychology #educationvideo
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You mustn't call it a reward, it's called a reinforcement: "Reward suggests compensation for behaving in a given way, often in some sort of contractual arrangement. Reinforcement in its etymological sense designates simply the strengthening of a response” (Skinner, 1963).
I will apply this theory, so that you continue to make great videos like this..... Positive reinforcement: I will give a like to the video Negative reinforcement: I will report any inappropriate or hate comment Positive punishment: I will comment that it could have been better Negative punishment: I will turn off notifications for your channel
French student in psychology here. Added French subtitles for verification. Thank you very much for all this hard work ! I'm sure it will help new students a lot ! Keep going !
So informative! I’ve studied this before for an examination the video helped me remember the information ! Thanks a zillion
Operant conditioning is one of these concepts that never get old! Until this day it is taught in psychology faculties and courses even though it’s nearly 100 years old!
I'm watching only because of my exam !
Your video's contents is much more useful than 5 hours i spent in classes, great job ! Keep working on, your works means a lot to me. Thanks for everything
The use of the word "pleasant" in describing operant condition is misleading. Reinforcement and punishment are not about adding or removing "pleasant" or "unpleasant" consequences. They're about the relationship between the behavior and the consequence. If a consequence increases the behavior, that is a reinforcement. If a consequence decreases the behavior, that's a punishment. It doesn't matter if the consequence is pleasant or not. For example, if you give the dog a treat after it performs a trick but that doesn't increase the frequency or probability of the dog performing the trick again, then the treat isn't a reinforcement. Similarly, if you yell at the dog after it poops on the carpet but that doesn't decrease the frequency or probability of the dog pooping on the carpet again, then yelling wasn't a punishment. A lot of behavioral psychology is actually trying to find out what consequences are reinforcements and what consequences are punishments. Misunderstanding of reinforcements and punishments can lead to desired behaviors not being increased and undesired behaviors not being decreased.
Help us to reach more parents and teachers to learn about psychology: /sprouts
The picture of the man yelling at the dog really got me :(
This is one of the best video I have watched during the pandemic. Thank you for making this!
Thank you so much because today is my psychology exam of MPhil. I didn't read a single page of the bulky textbook but I acquired some vital theories and concepts in psychology through your valuable videos within a short time
I think that it is important to note that denying free will is something extremely serious that shouldn't be taken lightly because free will is the crux of morality which manifests in politics. To illustrate how wrong that view is, let me do a negative proof-like example: > Let's assume that free will DOES NOT exist. > If free will does not exist, we don't make choices. > If we don't make choices then we are not accountable for our actions. > If we are not accountable then we cannot be morally judged because morality relies on active decision making. > as a consequence is a social setting (politics), you can't violate rights because rights wouldn't exist because morality doesn't exist (rights are a consequence of ethics in a social setting). > this means that there cannot be any "good" or "bad" behavior because good and bad rely on a hierarchy of values which doesn't exist because ethics do not exist. > and finally, this means that nobody can be persecuted for anything including murder, rape, torture, theft, etc, etc. If this was true, you would HAVE TO accept that nothing is immoral and thus should be able to do as you please since you are not doing anything of your own free will anyway. Governments would be pointless. Laws would be pointless. Striving for happiness would be pointless. The only system that supports this kind of epistemological falsehood is absolute anarchy. To understand this subject further than I could ever explain, I'd refer to any objectivist book on the topic of epistemology. Now, what I've presented here is not a proof for the existence of free will. I'm not qualified enough to explain it. I'm just presenting what would happen if it indeed didn't exist. It's a matter of epistemology. What differentiates animals from humans is this free will aspect. That's why we have a moral code while animals do not. Animals do not make choices. They cannot think long term and work on pure instinct (some rare cases do display the ability of free will but to such a minuscule degree of competence that it is practically nullified. I personally don't see much of a difference between Skinner's conditioning and Pavlovian conditioning. They both seem to work on the lowest form of cognition of cause and effect. Both are correct in application but framed a little differently. If anyone can explain to me what is the major difference I'd highly appreciate it. Regarding the class exercise, it seems to be interesting to see the difference in results between children and adults. My hypothesis that if the child was able to understand the cues, then they followed them instinctively and that if the adult understands the cues it's because they are actively aware that they are implicitly asked to do something and follow the pattern. Although I might be wrong. Children might not have enough knowledge but also are not primitive enough to just try and follow a sensory pattern (sound in the clapping case).
I'm a visual learner and this channel is perfect for helping me study for the NCE! Thank you!! :)
I'm studying to re-take my test (Certification) and your videos help me to break down this material. Thanks for all you do!!
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Best Video in Skinner I have seen so far! Thank you SO SO SO SO MUCH!
Just came across this channel: absolutely awesome. Notification button hit; keep the good work coming 👍🏻
Anyone watching this video for an exam is in great danger of getting an F. That is, if their teacher/professor understands behaviorism at all.
This channel is so helpful. Thank you for this great explanation.